Improvement in paper-collars



@,UNITED STATES PATENT. OFFICE.;

WM. s. BELL, JR., oE BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS.

IMPROVEMENT IN PAPER-COLLARS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 4S, |48, dated June 13, 1865.

l ings, and to the letters of reference marked thereon.

Since the introduction of papencollars many improvements have been made to enable them to be formed tot the neck ofthe wearer as satisfactorily as the ordinary linen or cotton collar. Paper not having the elasticity of these textile fabrics, requires a great deal more care in the` construction of collars made of it than if made of these fabrics. Another difficulty in paper collars arises from the ert'ect of moisture from perspiration. In summer or in Warm climates this iS a serious matter, so far as the use of this portion of a garment is concerned. Paper, it is well known, absorbs moisture with great facility, destroyingits stiffness and gloss. In ordinary paper collars there is butone thickness of paper in the neck-band or inner fold, and as there is nothing to prevent the action of the perspiration from the neck upon it this band or fold is liable at all times to become Wet and accid, destroying its comeliness and annoying the wearer, and so reducing the strength of the material that the button-holes are torn out by the slighest strain upon them. Heretofore, owing to the nature of the paper .used in making collars, it is been found impossible to fold over smoothly the outer band upon the neck or inner band without machinery.

The nature of my invention is such that I lessen the liability of the neck-band to be saturated with the moisture from the neck, and

form, by means of the material itself, a line along which the outer band can be turned over smoothlywithout anyother appliance than the hand of the operator. y

In the drawings hereto attached, forming a part of this specification, Figure 1 represents a collar finished and as prepared for use. Fig. 2 is called a blank,7 and represents the form of the paper before it assumes that represented in Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is asection ofthe collar shown invFig. 1 through the line a' a'.

In all the figures the same letters refer to the same parts.

Fig. 2' in the outline represents, as above stated the blank or the form of the paper as at first cut from the sheet or roll. It shows inirregula-r outline, the upper edge, d, straight or curved as the taste or wish may require, the

-ends of irregular outline, and the lower edge, c,

curved more or less, as represented. The oblongs or ovals e e make the button-holes at the ends of the collar, as `shown at e e.

Fig. l,ff are the ovals which form the central or back button-hole.l (Shown at f in Fig. l.) Equidistant between the ovals c e and f f there is shown a straight line, along which the blank is bent over upon its upper portion, and the lower curve, a, then corresponds to the curve shown at b, and the ovals c e, at each end, and f f, in the center, come preciselyv together, so as to show in the completed collar, Fig. 1, only the ovals ee,at each end, and f', at the center. The lower portion of the blank, being turned over, as described, along the line c, is then pasted down upon the middle portion, thus forming a double thicknessoi' the material in all that part, which forms what is called the neck-band, as seen in Fig.3. 4 This gives, of course, greater stiffness to this part than when only one thickness of the material is used in forming it, and to the same extent lessens its liability to be affected by the moisture or sweat of the neck; and ifa water-proof cementsuch as a solution ofshellac or other gum insoluble in waterbe used for the two surfaces of the paper, the outer fold will remain dry even after .the inner or one next the skin is saturated with l moisture. By this plan the button-holes, be-

coming doubled in the thickness of their edges, are also so., much increased in strength as to be much less liable to be torn out.

As the line cis a straightor rightline, there is no difliculty in turning over the lower part of the blank along it. No machinery is reA quired in this operation; it can be done,en tirely by hand, as in folding any paper ofa similar kind, without any previous marking or creasing a line for the fold. Almost the only care necessary is to make the fold so that the double orifices or holes c e, at each end, the central ones, f f, to come together so as to form the botton-holes c e at the ends and f in the middle, as shown in Fig. 1.

The next step is to turn that part of the blank between b and d, Fig. 2, down or over, as seen at g in Fig. 3. This has been found very difl.

cult, if not impossible, to do so as to make a smooth fold of the turn-over part when the paper is used dry and of only one thickness throughout and maintain aregular curve along the line of folding While the turn-down part shall remain smooth. By thickening up the neck part ofthe collar as I do this part becomes a former, the lower edge, a, of the blank making the desired curve b, along which the turnover part g, Fig. 3, can be bent regularly and smoothly by hand Without any previous creasing or marking the line for the fold or the use ot' machinery of' any kind. 

